Red Devon

Red Devon are a medium-sized breed, with mature cows from 950 to 1,300 pounds and mature bulls from 1,700 to 2,200 pounds. Unlike many commercialized breeds, Red Devon are docile and easy to handle. Their thick hides and ruby red coats allow them to adapt to extreme temperatures. Possessing very well-formed udders, Red Devons are naturally maternal with amazing milk production abilities.

Breed History

Red Devon, also referred to as North Devon, originated in southwestern England in the county of Devon. They were primarily native to the counties of Devon, Dorset, Cornwall, and Somerset. Evidence has shown that the Romans noticed these red cattle when they occupied this area in 55 B.C.

This ancient breed has a long history in England. Around the turn of the eighteenth century, the farmers of North Devon and Somersetshire began to recognize the many unique excellences of these native cattle. Unfortunately, during the Napoleonic Wars, many farmers sold off their best cattle to get by and the quality of the breed was on a rapid decline. In 1974, faced with the downfall of a beloved breed, Francis Quartly and his family bought up a remnant of the best Red Devon cattle they could get their hands on and got to work restoring the breed.

Red Devon cattle also have a relatively long history in North America. In 1623, 131 years after Columbus arrived, Red Devons became one of the earliest purebred cattle breeds to be introduced in North America. One bull and three heifers were brought from Devonshire to Edward Winslow, the agent of Plymouth Colony, on a Pilgrim ship named Charity in 1623. After their introduction, Devon cattle were seen as far as Florida during the 1700 and 1800s. Many headed west, serving as draft animals on the Oregon Trail. After a decline in the demand for multipurpose cattle in the 1950s, there was a split in Devon communities. Some focused on selecting for characteristics optimal for beef production while the others continued to select for beef, milk, and draft animals.

Throughout their history in the United States, this breed of cattle avoided the degrading impacts of industrialized beef production. During and after World War II, feedlots were introduced and utilized for cattle finishing, but the Devon breed was saved from this dishonest industry. Cattle finishing has remained in the hands of Devon breeders, ensuring their enduring quality.